Pratap Vydyam, Anasuya C Pal, Isaline Renard, Meenal Chand, Vandana Kumari, Joseph C Gennaro, Choukri Ben Mamoun, Tafenoquine-Atovaquone Combination Achieves Radical Cure and Confers Sterile Immunity in Experimental Models of Human Babesiosis, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2024;, jiad315, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad315
- The 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug tafenoquine inhibits the growth of different Babesia species in vitro, is highly effective against Babesia microti and Babesia duncani in mice and protects animals from lethal infection caused by atovaquone-sensitive and -resistant B. duncani strains.
- A combination of tafenoquine and atovaquone achieves cure with no recrudescence in both models of human babesiosis.
- The elimination of B. duncani infection in animals following drug treatment also confers immunity to subsequent challenge.
- The data demonstrate superior efficacy of tafenoquine plus atovaquone combination over current therapies for the treatment of human babesiosis and highlight its potential in providing protective immunity against Babesia following parasite clearance.