Autism Spectrum Disorders and Lyme Disease: Exploring Shared Neuro-Inflammatory and Immune Pathways
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Examines Lyme disease and co-infections as infectious drivers of neuroinflammation overlapping with autism spectrum disorder.
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Reports a cohort of 1,722 children with treatment-resistant ASD and PANS/PANDAS who met clinical criteria for chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS).
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Describes improvements in cognition, motor skills, and gastrointestinal function following CIRS-directed therapies.
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Identifies a subset of children in tick-endemic regions with Lyme-specific clinical features, diagnosed clinically using CDC criteria.
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Notes immune mechanisms including blood–brain barrier disruption, immune imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microglial priming.
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Highlights diagnostic challenges due to limited sensitivity of conventional serologic testing in early or chronic disease.