Reduction in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Self-Injurious Behavior With Saccharomyces boulardii in a Child with Autism: A Case Report
Kobliner V, Mumper E, Baker SM. Reduction in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Self-Injurious Behavior With Saccharomyces boulardii in a Child with Autism: A Case Report. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2018 Dec;17(6):38-41. PMID: 31043927; PMCID: PMC6469440.

This case report describes the effective use of Saccharomyces boulardii in a boy with autism spectrum disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and self-injurious behavior (SIB). Gastrointestinal dysfunction and OCD are frequent comorbidities in autism, which may share a common etiology resulting from a disturbance in normal gut microbiota. Alterations in microbial diversity influence neuroinflammation and are linked to mood disorders, abdominal pain, and SIB. S boulardii is a nonpathogenic probiotic yeast that supports a healthy microbiome, enhances immune function, and reduces diarrhea. Treatment with S boulardii successfully reduced OCD and SIB symptoms in this child.

Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2
Horowitz RI, Freeman PR. Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2. Healthcare (Basel). 2018 Nov 5;6(4):129. doi: 10.3390/healthcare6040129. PMID: 30400667; PMCID: PMC6316761.
A patient symptom survey and a retrospective chart review of 200 patients was therefore performed on those patients with chronic Lyme disease/PTLDS to identify those variables on the MSIDS model with the greatest potential effect on regaining health. Results indicate that dapsone combination therapy decreased the severity of eight major Lyme symptoms, and multiple sources of inflammation (other infections, immune dysfunction, autoimmunity, food allergies/sensitivities, leaky gut, mineral deficiencies, environmental toxins with detoxification problems, and sleep disorders) along with downstream effects of inflammation may all affect chronic symptomatology. In part two of our observational study and review paper, we postulate that the use of this model can represent an important and needed paradigm shift in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic disease.
 Figure 1. Percentage of patients with MSIDS abnormalities. Multiple overlapping abnormalities on the MSIDS map were associated with Lyme disease, contributing to ongoing symptomatology.
C-Reactive Protein Response in Patients With Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms Versus Those With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Melanie Uhde, Alyssa Indart, Brian A Fallon, Gary P Wormser, Adriana R Marques, Suzanne D Vernon, Armin Alaedini, C-Reactive Protein Response in Patients With Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms Versus Those With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 67, Issue 8, 15 October 2018, Pages 1309–1310, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy299

The data suggest the presence of different inflammatory mechanisms in ME/CFS compared to PTLDS. This difference may stem from the potentially more diverse causes of ME/CFS symptoms compared to PTLDS. The lack of a significantly elevated CRP response in ME/CFS, despite indications of activation in other inflammatory pathways, requires further investigation.